Carbureter.



CARL F. SCHULZ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22., 191 6.

Application filed December 14-, 1911. Serial No. 665,619.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARL F. Souonz, of thecity of New-York, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have in-.vented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to carbureters and has for an object to provide adevice wherein complete vaporization and mixing may be (affectedparticularly when heavy oils are use The invention comprises a suctionvalve having withinit a dash-pot, the liquid of the dash-pot beingcontained in such a manner that it will not spill with any position ofthe valve. The liquid preferably employed being of high specificgravity, such as mercury, acts as a weight for closing the valve, andaffords a large amount of resistance at every movement toward open posi;tion, whether the movement starts in the closed position of the valve orfrom any intermediate position up to the limit of the valve movement.Provision is also had for admitting oil, particularly heavy oils, in athin film over surfaces exposed to heat from a heating jacket. Provisionis also made for measuring or regulating the admission of oil by themovement of the air valve.

Thedrawing-illustrates in vertical section the carbureter. I

The suction valve 1, which is, mounted within the mixing chamber 10, haswithin it a dash-pot, and carries a sleeve 2 which is mounted upon aguiding stem 3 rigidly fixed to the bottom of the casing at ,4. Theupper end of the stem 3 is shown carrying a cap or disk 5 to which aresecured dependent arms 6 carrying at their lower ends a plate 7, suchplate being provided with ports 8. The plate 7' fits snugly against theinner wall of the valve. It will be seen that the parts 3 and 7 as wellas their complementary elements, are held in fixed position relativelyto the valve 1. The receptacle 9 or cl vniber within the valve and belowthe plate .7 when this is in its ele vated position is filled with aheavy liquid, such as mercury. glycerin or oil. This operates as aweight to hold the valve 1 to its seat 21. Suction from the engineproduces suction within the carbureter or mixing chamber l0, thethrottle 12 being open. Such suction lifts the valve 1 from its seat. Onthe lifting of the valve the liquid in thechamber S) passes through theports 8 into the space above the plate 7. The initial inertia oftheyalve and the fluid otters resistance, so that at whatever positionthe valve may be, suction will be resisted in moving the valve from itsposition, thus creating a stronger current through the ports.

The movable member of the dash pot in the illustration is the hollowbody or valve casing and the piston member or plate 7 is fixedrelatively to the carbureter casing. The support connected to the plateor piston extends outwardly of the hollow body, such body is shown asbeing provided with a bearing for the piston support located in suchposition relatively to the inner walls of such hollow body as to preventleakage of the dash pot liquid therefrom. The sleeve 2 extends inwardlyof the hollow body a sufiicient distance that its open end is disposedat all times above the level of the dash pot liquid. In the illustrationthe sleeve 2 extends a suflicient height above the bottom of the valvecasing 1 that with a 'proper amount of liquid in the dash pot no matterwhat position the carbureter assumes such liquid cannot reach the innerend of the sleeve and escape between the sleeve and the stem 3. Thispermits a free working fit between the stem and the valve and at thesame time constantly maintains the open end of the sleeve which is theinner end of the bearing outof contact with the liquid.

There is shown surrounding theentire mixing chamber, a heat jacket 11,which also extends below the valve seat 21. The valve seat 21 is shownformed at the end of a flange 22 secured in some suitable'manner to thelower portion of the mixing chamber casing. The space within the flangeis open to the atmosphere and constitutes an air admission port. Thecasing is formed with a wall 23 surrounding the flange -The face of suchwall is "paced apart from the face of the flange L but approaches thesame quite cl! thus forming a fuel vaporizing Chtiii'iiul. also anannular oil in let port which surrounds the valve seat 3,31.

flange and wall upwardly beyond the wall 23.

In some instances,'the fuel, although it is heated therein, is notvaporized in such chamber, which then constitutes a fuel heatingchamber. It will be seen that the wall 23 constitutes one of the wallsof the heat jacket. so that the influence of the heat jacket will beexerted upon the oil passing in an annular film over the faces of theOne of these faces is provided with an annular channel 24 comniunicatingwith the oil passage 25, to which the oil is admittedby a needle valve19 from the inlet 36 which is connected With some suitable float chamberin a well known manner.

The needle valve 19 is shown at the lower end of a rod 16 which is inengagement with a lever 14 normally resting upon the upper end of theadmission valve. The lever is shown fulcrunicd at 15 and engaging anantifi'iction roll 17 carried by the rod. The rod is normally depressed,and. the valve 19 held to its seat by means of a compression spring 18.

It will be seen that the fuel vaporizing chamber 20 has an annular-portopening into the mixing chamber below the valve seat formed at the upperend of the flange 22. In the drawing the flange 22 extends \Vhen thesuction valve 1 is raised from its seat and air is sucked in over itsvalve seat 21, the vaporized fuel in the chamber 20 is also sucked in,and the inrushing air throws the vapor outwardly and against the heatedwalls of the mixing chamber, thereby assuring complete vaporization andcomplete mixture of the vapor and air.

The heated vaporized fuel passing upwardly from the vaporizationcha'iiiber 23 will be driven by the inrushing air passing over the valveseat 21 outwardly and against the heated walls of the mixing chamber.This effects a complete vaporization of the fuel and a thorough mixtureof the fuel and air.

The strength and duration of the suction determine not only the volumeof air admitted past the valve seat 25 but also the distance the suctionvalve rises from its seat and the length of time it remains unseated.Since the needle valve controlling the supply of fuel to the vaporizingchamber is actuated by the suction valve in its movements, is raisedfrom its seat a greater 'or less distance and is held from the seat alonger or shorter period at each actuation in correspondence with themovement of the suction valve, the fuel supplied to the vaporizjngchamber is thus measured by the suction valve. The proportioning of thesupply of fuel to the demands of the suction and to the volume of airadmitted to the mixing chamber assures a sufficient supply and alsoprevents an excessive supply which would overtax the mixing chamber.When a small amount of light fuel is'drawn into the mixing chamber it iscompletely japorized in the vaporizing chamber," when a large quantityof heavy fuel is drawn in it is only partially vaporized in its passagethrough the vaporizing chamber. The coin pletion of the vaporization ofthe fuel and the mixing of the fuel and air is facilitated by the'inrushing air driving the partly vaporized fuel against the heatedwalls of the mixing chamber. A copius supply of fuel 'would result inincomplete vaporization,

which is undesirable inall cases and particularly so when heavy oils areemployed. The heat acketed vaporizing chamber performs its work to thebest advantages when the disposed therein, a stem connected tosaidpiston and extending outwardly of such body, such body beingprovided with a hearing for such stem located in such positionrelatively to the inner walls thereof as to prevent leakage of liquidtherefrom.

In a carburetor, a suction valve comprisinga hollow body adapted tocontain liquid, a dash pot piston in such body,

stem carrying the piston and extending-outwardly of the said body, and asleeve can ried by the bottom of'such body and extending inwardlythereof a. sufficient distance that the open end thereof is above thenor mal surface level of the dash pot liquid in any position of thecarbureter.

3. In a carhur ter, the combination with a mixing chamber having an airinlet, of a suction valve for controlling the airinlet a vaporizingchamber opening into the mixing chamber adjacent the air inlet, 9/- fuelconduit leading into said vaporizing chamber, a heat jacket surroundingthe mixing chamber and vaporizing chamber and means actuated by thesuction valve for measuring the fuel proportionate to the air supply.

t. In a carbureter, the combination with a mixing chamber having an airinlet of a suction valve for controlling the air inlet,

a vaporizing chamber opening into the mixing chamber adjacent the airinlet, a. fuel supply conduit leading into the vaporizing chamber, avalve for said fuel conduit, :1 heat jacket surrounding the mixingchamber (I and the vaporizing chamber, and means actuated by the suctionvalve for controlling fuel supply conduit leading to the space betweensaid flange and wall and constituting a fuel vaporizing chamber therebeing an annular port therefrom to the mixing chamber,-and means forapplying heat to the fuel in such chamber.

6. A carbureter, having a mixing chamber,

a circular flange constituting an air inlet having its end extendinginto the mixing chamber and formed asa valve seat, a valve seatingthereon, a wall surrounding such flange and ending below the said seat,a fuel supply conduit leading tothe space between sa d flange and walland constituting a fuel vaporizing chamber there bein an annular porttherefrom to the mixin c amber, and a heat jacket surrounding t e saidmixing Etamberand the said fuel vaporizing cham- 7. In a carbureter, thecombination with a mixing chamber having an air inlet, of a fuel heatingchamber having a "port opening into the mixing chamber adjacent the saidair inlet. a fuel conduit leadin into said fuel heating chamber, a heatacket surrounding said fuel heating chamber, and means for controllingthe flow of fuel through said fuel heating chamber. a

8. ln a carbureter, the combination with a mixing chamber.having .an airinlet, of

a fuel heating chamberhaving'a port open-' ing into the mixing chamberad acent the' said air inlet, a fuel conduit leading into said fuelheating chamber, a heat jacket surrounding said fuel heating chamber,and movable means for controlling the flow of fuel through said fuelheating chamber.

9. In a carbureter, the combination with a mixing chamber having an airinlet, of a.

fuel heating chamber having a port opening into the mixing chamberadjacent the sai air inlet, a fuel conduit leading into said fuelheating chamber, a heat acket surrounding said fuel heatin chamber, and

adjustable means for contro ling the flow of fuel through said fuelheating chamber.

10. A carbureter, having a mixing chamber, a circular flangeconstituting an air inlet having its end extending into the mixingchamber and formed as a valve seat,

.a valve seating thereon, a wall surrounding such flange and endingbelow the said seat, a fuel supply conduit leading to the space betweensaid flan e'and'wali, and means for controlling the ow of fluidthrou bsaid conduit, and a jacket surrounding t e said wall and flange. t

11. A carbureter having a mixing chamher, a circulating flangeconstituting an air inlet,'a wall surrounding such flange, a fuel supplyconduit leading to the space between the said flange and wall, means forheating the fuel therein, there beinga port from said fuel heatingchamber to said mixing chamber, and means for controlling the flow offluid.

In testimony whereof, Ilhave signed this specification in the presenceof tn subscribing witnesses.

CARL F. SCHULZ. Witnesses: t

THOMAS R. 'ARDEN, JOHN F. RYAN.

